Fig. 3

Assessment of the proliferative phase of healing in cell- and secretome-treated wounds. A Clinical aspect of the wound with Integra Matrix on day 7 post-wounding. The pinkish color indicates improved graft integration and increased angiogenesis, contrasting with the pale/yellowish appearance. B Representative images of blood vessels (indicated by arrows) within the granulation tissue. Scale bar: 50 µm. C Quantification of the number of blood vessels per field. Each data point represents the evaluation of one animal. The red dotted line indicates the blood vessel density in normal dermis. D Representative images of granulation tissue thickness. Scale bar: 100 µm. The red dotted line delineates the tissue borders, and the black arrows indicate its thickness. E Quantification of granulation tissue thickness. The red dotted line represents the thickness of the normal dermis. *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01 by Student’s t test (control vs. treated groups; cells vs. secretomes groups)