From: Fate determination in mesenchymal stem cells: a perspective from histone-modifying enzymes
Histone-modifying enzymes | Abbreviation | Catalytic activity | Catalytic specificity | Proposed functions | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Histone methylation | |||||
 Enhancer of Zeste homology 2 | EZH2 | HMT | H3K27me3 | Promoting adipogenesis | |
Inhibiting neurogenesis | |||||
Inhibiting osteogenesis | |||||
 Lysine demethylase 6A | KDM6A | HDM | H3K27me3 | Promoting osteogenesis | [23] |
 ERG-associated protein with a SET domain | ESET (SETDB1) | HMT | H3K9me2/3 | Promoting adipogenesis | |
Inhibiting osteogenesis | |||||
 Lysine demethylase 4B | KDM4B | HDM | H3K9me3 | Promoting osteogenesis | [22] |
 Lysine demethylase 6B | KDM6B | HDM | H3K27me3 | Promoting osteogenesis | [22] |
 Plant homeodomain finger 2 | Phf2 | HDM | H3K9me2 | Promoting adipogenesis | |
Promoting chondrogenesis | |||||
 Lysine demethylase 2A | KDM2A (FBXL11) | HDM | H3K36me2 | Inhibiting osteo/dentinogenesis | |
H3K4me3 | |||||
 PR-Set7 (SETD8, SET8, KMT5A) | PR-Set7/Setd8 (SET8) | HMT | H4K20me1 | Promoting adipogenesis | [20] |
 Mixed-lineage leukemia H3K4 methyltransferase protein | MLL3/MLL4 | HMT | H3K4me3 | Promoting adipogenesis | [19] |
 Lysine-specific demethylase 1 | LSD1 | HDM | H3K4/K9 | Promoting adipogenesis | [18] |
Histone acetylation | |||||
 Histone deacetylases 2 | HDAC2 | HDAC | H3K9/K14ac | Modulating osteogenesis | |
Inhibiting cardiomyogenesis | |||||
 Histone deacetylases 1 | HDAC1 | HDAC | H3K9/K14ac | Inhibiting adipogenesis | |
Inhibiting cardiomyogenesis | |||||
 Histone deacetylases 6 | HDAC6 | HDAC | H3K9/K14ac/H4K8ac | Promoting adipogenesis | [39] |
 CREB binding protein and p300 | CBP/p300 | HAT | H3K9/K14/K56ac | Promoting chondrogenesis | |
H4K5/K8ac | Promoting adipogenesis | ||||
 Tat-interactive protein 60 kDa | Tip60 | HAT | H2AK5ac | Promoting adipogenesis | |
 General control nonrepressed protein 5 | Gcn5 | HAT | H3K9/K14ac | Accelerating cardiomyocyte differentiation | [45] |
H4K8/K16ac |