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Figure 1 | Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Figure 1

From: Biphasic monopolar electrical stimulation induces rapid and directed galvanotaxis in adult subependymal neural precursors

Figure 1

Oscilloscope traces of representative biphasic monopolar and biphasic bipolar pulses. (A) A typical biphasic monopolar (BPMP) pulse train with a negative cathodal phase that is four times the amplitude and one-quarter the duration of the balancing positive anodal phase. (B) A typical biphasic bipolar (BPBP) pulse train with a negative cathodal phase that is equal in amplitude and duration but opposite in direction to the opposing anodal phase. This demonstrates the relationship between pulse amplitudes and durations between positive (anode) and negative (cathode) phases.

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Stem Cell Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1757-6512