Figure 1
In vitro cartilage engineering from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC)-seeded porous scaffolds. BMSCs were isolated by plastic adherence from bone marrow aspirates and expanded in tissue culture flasks to passage 2 within defined expansion medium containing fetal bovine serum and fibroblast growth factor-2 under either normoxic (21% O2) or hypoxic (3% O2) incubator conditions. Thereafter, BMSCs were seeded at 10 million cells per cubic centimeter onto clinically approved, cylindrical, porous scaffolds composed of collagen or hyaluronic acid. BMSC-scaffold constructs were subsequently cultured under either normoxia or hypoxia for 14Â days within serum-free chondrogenic medium containing transforming growth factor-beta 3 and dexamethasone.