Autologous, allogeneic, induced pluripotent stem cell or a combination stem cell therapy? Where are we headed in cartilage repair and why: a concise review

Table 3 Details on bone marrow concentrates used in clinical studies

Type	Cell carrier	Harvest location	Amount harvested	Amount used	Reference
BMC	Collagen membrane	Ilium	27 ml	0.5-2.7 × 10⁶ cells	[40]
BMC	Collagen powder or hyaluronic acid membrane and platelet gel	Posterior iliac crest	60 ml	2 ml 10 × concentrated BM	[31-33,39] NCT02005861
BMC	Type I collagen scaffold	Iliac crest	60 ml		[34]
BMC	Collagen membrane	Ipsilateral iliac crest	60 ml	4-6 × concentrated BM, CFU-F/ml 2,000-5,700	[35]
BMC	Collagen I/III membrane	Ilium	30 ml		[36]
BMC	Protein matrix in collagen hydroxyapatite scaffold				NCT01159899
BMC and ACy	INSTRUCT scaffold				[37] NCT01041885
ATSVF	Collagen scaffold	Infrapatellar fat pad	5 cc		NCT02090140

ACy autologous chondrocyte, ATSVF adipose tissue stromal vascular fraction, BM bone marrow, BMC bone marrow concentrate, CFU-F colony-forming unit-fibroblasts

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