Fig. 6

Effects of transplantation of P-ADSCs on blood flow and histology staining. Representative color laser Doppler images of superficial blood flow in lower ischemic limbs were taken 7, 14, and 28 days after transplantation a. The blood perfusion index was significantly higher in the P-ADSC group than those in ADSCs and DMEM control groups over 4 weeks b. c Representative fluorescent staining for CD31 (red), ADSCs (green), and nuclei with DAPI (blue) in the sham, DMEM, ADSC and P-ADSC groups. d Quantitative analysis indicated that the microvessel densities were significantly higher in the P-ADSC and ADSC groups than those in DMEM control groups (P <0.05). Scale bar = 100 μm. *P <0.05, **P <0.01. ADSC adipose-derived stem cell, DMEM Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium, P-ADSC periostin-transfected ADSC