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Fig. 2 | Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Fig. 2

From: Subventricular zone neural progenitors reverse TNF-alpha effects in cortical neurons

Fig. 2

aNPCs treated with LPS prevent the increase in mEPSC frequency produced by TNFα in cortical neurons. a Representative fluorescence microscopy images of cortical neurons incubated for 24 h with aNPCs either lipopolysaccharide-stimulated (LPS+aNPCs) or not (aNPCs) (green cells). The right panel shows higher magnification (scale bar: 100 μm; 50 μm). Only cortical neurons surrounded by aNPCs were selected to record (white arrows). b Details of (a) show GFP-positive membranous structures of small and medium size resembling round membrane vesicles. c Representative traces of voltage-clamp recordings of mEPSCs from cultured cortical neurons in control conditions or from neurons treated with LPS+aNPCs/aNPCs, TNFα, or LPS+aNPCs/aNPCs with TNFα (100 ng/ml 30 min) (calibration bars: 20 pA, 200 ms). d Group data of average mEPSC amplitude and frequency of control (n = 15), LPS+aNPCs-treated (n = 12), aNPCs-untreated (n = 8), TNFα-treated (n = 13), LPS+aNPC and TNFα-treated (n = 10), and aNPC-untreated and TNFα-treated (n = 8) cells. The increase in mEPSC frequency due to TNFα is completely reverted by LPS+aNPCs (P < 0.05). The increase in mEPSC amplitude due to TNFα is completely reverted by aNPC treatment (P < 0.05). A clear, though not significant, tendency toward reduction is detected in mEPSC amplitude or frequency in neuronal cultures exposed to LPS+aNPCs or aNPCs, respectively. All data are expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean. Statistical test: one-way analysis of variance, Dunn’s multiple comparisons test. aNPC adult neural stem cell, GFP green fluorescent protein, LPS lipopolysaccharide, LPS + aNPC lipopolysaccharide-stimulated adult neural stem cell, mEPSC miniature excitatory post-synaptic current, TNFα tumor necrosis factor alpha

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