Fig. 1
The capacity of hBMSC for ectopic bone formation is associated with enhancing ex vivo migration and in vivo homing to fractured bone. a Transwell migration ability of hBMSC-TERT+Bone versus hBMSC-TERT–Bone toward PDGF-BB (100 ng/ml). Migrated cells presented as percentage of control condition (without chemoattractant). Photomicrographs represent stained migrated cells. b Cytoskeletal changes in hBMSC-TERT+Bone versus hBMSC-TERT–Bone after plating on fibronectin-coated plates for 2 hours and stained for F-actin with Phalloidin–FITC (yellow) and vinculin (green). c Longitudinal imaging of representative mice that received intravenous injection of 1 × 106 hBMSC-TERT-Luc+Bone (left panel) or hBMSC-TERT-Luc–Bone (right panel) cells. By day 6, signal from homing hBMSC-TERT-Luc+Bone was detected at the right (fractured) leg while no signal was detected in the fractured legs of mice receiving hBMSC-TERT-Luc–Bone. Data presented as mean ± SEM of at least three independent experiments (*p ≤0.05, **p ≤0.01). hBMSC human bone marrow stromal stem cells, PDGF platelet-derived growth factor