Fig. 5

Differentiation to smooth muscle and endothelial lineages. a Confocal microscopy of differentiated Bmi1-tomato⁺-derived cells expressing von Willebrand factor (vWF, top left, white arrowhead) or differentiated Bmi1-YFP⁺-derived cells expressing CD31 (top right; bottom, red arrowheads) lining the vessel lumen; tomato⁺/YFP⁺ cells at the luminal surface of vessels during endothelial differentiation co-localize with vWF or CD31 (arrowheads). Bars, 100 μm (top left), 20 μm (top right), 50 μm (bottom). b Vascular differentiation of Bmi1-expressing cells to the smooth muscle lineage; arrowheads highlight tomato co-localization with SMA. Bars, 100 μm. YFP yellow fluorescent protein, SMA smooth muscle actin