From: The cell cycle as a brake for β-cell regeneration from embryonic stem cells
Cell cycle machinery | Beta cells | ES cells | References |
---|---|---|---|
Cdk2 | Expressed but no functional importance | Critical for ES cell maintenance and considered the primary Cdk | [20, 42, 85] |
Cdk4 | Critical for β-cell development | Not expressed in ES cells | [22, 25, 43, 57, 58] |
Cdk6 | Not expressed | Expressed at high levels | [22, 86] |
Cyclin D1 | Expressed at high levels | Expressed at low levels | [62] |
Cyclin D2 | Critical for development and highly expressed | Not expressed in ES cells | [62, 63] |
Cyclin E | Expressed but no importance | Critical for maintaining the pluripotent state of ES cells | [50, 51, 87, 88] |