Fig. 1

Experimental flowchart and the five groups using one-step and two-step protocols consisting of TGF-β1 and FGF-2 treatment for 14 days. Group 1: control group with no growth factor (GF). Group 2: one-step protocol with TGF-β1 5 ng/mL. Group 3: one-step protocol with FGF-2 10 ng/mL. Group 4: one-step protocol with treatment with both GFs. Group 5: two-step protocol with treatment with both GFs for the first 10 days and then TGF-β1 only for the next 4 days. BrdU 5-bromo-2’-deoxyuridine, ECM extracellular matrix, FGF fibroblast growth factor, qPCR quantitative polymerase chain reaction, TGF transforming growth factor