Fig. 6

Effects of the ES cell microenvironment on breast cancer cell migration, metastasis, and angiogenesis. a Representative photographs of wound-healing assay of 4T1 cells treated with 4T1-CM, DMEM, and ES-CM. Scale bar represents 100 μm. b Wound healing area per field was decreased after being treated with ES-CM. ***P < 0.001 compared with controls, n = 3. c Analysis of angiogenic factors expression in 4T1 cells treated with different CMs. *P < 0.05 vs 4T1-CM, ***P < 0.001 vs 4T1-CM, ^# P < 0.05 vs DMEM, ^### P < 0.001 vs DMEM, n = 3. d Expression of metastasis and EMT-related genes determined by RT-PCR. All experiments were performed at least in triplicate and data are presented as mean ± SD. *P < 0.05 vs 4T1-CM, **P < 0.01 vs 4T1-CM, ***P < 0.001 vs 4T1-CM, ^# P < 0.05 vs DMEM, ^## P < 0.01 vs DMEM, ^### P < 0.001 vs DMEM, n = 3. See also Additional file 1: Table S1. CM conditioned medium, DMEM Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium, ES embryonic stem, MMP matrix metalloproteinase, VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor