Fig. 3

Dose-dependent effect of calcitriol on cytotoxicity. The cytotoxic effect of calcitriol was examined by detecting dead and dying cells using the Vybrant Cytotoxicity Assay Kit after stimulation of ADMSCs with varying concentrations of calcitriol. ADMSCs were treated with 0 nM, 0.1 nM, 1 nM, 10 nM, 50 nM, and 100 nM calcitriol for 24 h (a) and 48 h (b), respectively and further assayed for glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase release. The fluorescence was measured using a microplate reader with excitation/emission at 530/590 nM