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Fig. 4 | Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Fig. 4

From: Heterogeneity of proangiogenic features in mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord, and placenta

Fig. 4

Gene and protein expression of selected paracrine factors in different MSC populations. a Relative mRNA expression of selected angiogenic cytokines was assessed, including VEGF-A, VEGF-C, HGF, bFGF, NGF, ANG, TGF-β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1α, IL-1β, and Cox-2. The relative expression level of the candidate cytokine in one sample of BMSCs or PMSCs was normalized to 1, and all other samples for corresponding gene expression were shown as 2–ΔΔCT fold-change. Each sample was tested in triplicate (n = 3–5). b Concentrations of bFGF, VEGF, and HGF in 48-hour supernatants and the PGE2 concentration in 72-hour supernatants of BMSCs, AMSCs, UMSCs, and PMSCs were measured using corresponding ELISA kits (n = 3, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01). c The relative mRNA expression of IL-8, HGF, TGF-β, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, and Cox-2 was separately tested on one donor-derived UMSC and PMSC. The relative expression level of the candidate gene in UMSCs was normalized to 1, and the fold-change in PMSCs was expressed as 2–ΔΔCT. To better show the different expression of angiogenic genes in UMSCs and PMSCs, data were shown in log2. MSC mesenchymal stem cells, BMSC bone marrow-derived MSCs, AMSC adipose tissue-derived MSCs, UMSC umbilical cord-derived MSCs, PMSC placental chorionic villi-derived MSCs, VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor, HGF hepatocyte growth factor, bFGF basic fibroblast growth factor, NGF nerve growth factor, ANG angiogenin, TGF-β transforming growth factor beta, IL interleukin

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