Fig. 3

Induced pluripotent stem cell-mesenchymal stem cells (iPSC-MSCs) had no effects on the phenotypic maturation of DCs. a CD14⁺ monocytes were cultured with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) for 5 days to differentiate into immature dendritic cells (iDCs). iDCs were further stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 2 days to mature into mature dendritic cells (mDCs), and treated with or without MSCs. b The morphology of mDCs with or without co-culture with urine cell-derived induced pluripotent stem cell (U-iPSC)-MSCs. White arrows: mDCs; black arrows: U-iPSC-MSCs. c The immunophenotype analysis of mDCs with or without treatment with MSCs by flow cytometry. One representative experiment of six is shown. d The percentage of positive cells is shown for CD14 and CD1a, and the MFI is shown for CD86, CD40, CD80, HLA-DR, and CD83. The data indicate the mean ± SD of six independent experiments. Three different batches of BM-MSCs were used. *P < 0.05. A-iPSC amniocyte-derived induced pluripotent stem cell, BM bone marrow, P passage