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Fig. 2 | Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Fig. 2

From: Hepatic population derived from human pluripotent stem cells is effectively increased by selective removal of undifferentiated stem cells using YM155

Fig. 2

Characterization of nonhepatic lineage cells derived from USCs during hepatic differentiation. Expression of NANOG and OCT4 as pluripotent genes was traced to confirm the presence of residual USCs during hepatic differentiation (a). Additionally, human pluripotent stem cell-specific markers such as NANOG, OCT4, TRA-1-60 and SSEA-4 were detected in cell clusters at day 5 of hepatic differentiation (stage I) (b). (c) The cell clusters (arrow) of stage I (a') were tightly aggregated during stage II (arrow) (b'). Thereafter, the aggregated cells rapidly expanded to nonhepatic lineage cells (area 1 (A1)) distinguishable from typical hepatic phenotype cells (area 2 (A2)) at stage III (c'). (d', e') Magnification of A1 and A2 in (c'), respectively. A1 and A2 were stained with Albumin antibody (f'). Nuclei were stained with Hoechst33258. For further characterization, expression of pluripotent genes (NANOG and OCT4) (d) and lineage-specific genes (AFP, ALB, SOX17, MSX1, TNNT2, IGF2, PAX6, NCAM and NESTIN) (e) was compared between A1 and A2 at stage III. AFP alpha-fetoprotein, ALB albumin, FOXA2 forkhead box protein A2, IGF insulin growth factor2, MSX1 msh homeobox-1, NCAM neural cell adhesion molecule, OCT4 octamer-binding transcription factor, PAX6 paired box protein Pax-6, SOX17 sex determining region Y-Box 17, TNNT2 cardiac muscle troponin T

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