Table 2 Effects of SPIONs and static magnetic fields on mesenchymal stromal cell properties
From: Magnetic targeting as a strategy to enhance therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stromal cells
MSC origin | Nanoparticle | Magnetic device | SMF strength (mT) | Time of exposure | Effects of SMFs on MSC (compared to control groups) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Human bone marrow | Ferucarbotran/Resovist® (60 μg/ml) | Permanent magnet | 600 | 24 hours and 12 days | Reduction of colony-forming units, increased adipogenesis, and osteogenesis inhibition | [31] |
Human bone marrow | Feridex (Tanabe Seiyaku) | Electromagnet | 600 | 1Â hour | Increased expression of integrins and adhesion proteins | [30] |
Murine bone marrow | None | Electromagnet | 4, 7, and 15 | 1 to 4Â days | Reduction of MSC viability and proliferation rates | [45] |
Canine and equine adipose tissue | None | Permanent magnet | 500 | 1 to 7Â days | Increased MSC proliferation rates in both species; increased secretion of extracellular vesicles by equine MSCs | [46] |
Human bone marrow | None | Permanent magnet | 400 | 14Â days | Increased chondrogenesis | [48] |
Equine adipose tissue | None | Permanent magnet | 500 | 1 to 7Â days | Ultrastructural changes; increased proliferation rate, colony-forming units, and secretion of extracellular vesicles; changes in vesicle content. | [32] |
Human bone marrow | None | Permanent magnet | 3, 15, and 50 | 1 to 9Â days | Increased MSC proliferation rates; osteogenesis stimulation. | [47] |
Murine adipose tissue | Feridex (Berlex) | Permanent magnet | 500 | 7Â days | Reduction of MSC viability, proliferation rates, angiogenic cytokine release, osteogenesis and adipogenesis; phenotype shift. | [18] |