Table 2 Effects of AREDS supplements on various combinations of CFH and ARMS2 genotypes
Author | Patient information | Genotype | AREDS supplement | Outcome measure | Result | Authors’ view with respect to genotyping utility | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Awh et al. 2015 [21] | 989 white patients with category 3 or 4 AMD | 0 or 1 CFH risk alleles and no ARMS2 risk alleles | Components of the AREDS formulation | Seven-year treatment-specific progression rates | Placebo,22.6%;with antioxidants,9.17% (P = 0.033) | Support | |
0 or 1 CFH risk alleles and 1 or 2 ARMS2 risk alleles | Placebo, 43.3%; zinc, 25.2% (P = 0.020); AREDS formulation (AF), 27.3% (P = 0.011) | ||||||
2 CFH risk alleles and no ARMS2 risk alleles | Placebo, 17.0%; zinc, 43.2% (P = 0.023); AF, 40.2% (P = 0.039) | ||||||
2 CFH risk alleles and 1 or 2 ARMS2 risk alleles | No treatment was better than placebo (48.4%) | ||||||
Lee et al. 2008 [23] | 876 participants at high risk for developing advanced AMD | CFH | TT | Antioxidants + zinc, Antioxidants, Zinc | Progression from high risk to advanced AMD | There was a nominally statistically significant interaction between AREDS supplements and the CFH Y402H genotype, and no significant treatment interactions were observed with ARMS2 | Reject |
TC | |||||||
CC | |||||||
ARMS2 | GG | ||||||
TG | |||||||
TT | |||||||
Chew et al. 2014 [24] | 1237 genotyped AREDS participants of Caucasian ethnicity who were at risk of developing late AMD | CFH/ARMS2 = xy, where x = CFH risk group, and y = ARMS2 risk alleles | Placebo, antioxidants (vitamins C, E, beta-carotene), zinc with copper, or a combination of antioxidants, zinc, and copper | Progression to late AMD | No clinically significant association between CFH and ARMS2 genotypes and response to nutritional supplements | Reject | |
00 | |||||||
01 | |||||||
02 | |||||||
10 | |||||||
11 | |||||||
12 | |||||||
20 | |||||||
21 | |||||||
22 | |||||||
Smailhodzic et al. 2014 [25] | 72 patients with various stages of AMD | CFH | TT | A daily supplement of 50Â mg zinc sulfate and 1Â mg cupric sulfate for 3Â months | The effect of zinc on complement activation in vitro | There was no significant association between changes in complement catabolism and CFH and ARMS2 genotypes, but AMD progression was slowed | Reject |
TC | |||||||
CC | |||||||
ARMS2 | GG | ||||||
TG | |||||||
TT | |||||||