Fig. 5
Effects of the secretome with different concentrations of culture pO2 on signaling pathways essential for hypertrophy in the mouse liver. a (Left) Western blot analysis of the markers for liver cell hypertrophy in the mouse liver specimens on day 2 after injection. (Right) Relative densities of each marker. Of the groups, the 1% pO2 secretome group showed the highest expression of SIRT1 and Akt. The 1% pO2 secretome group also exhibited the lowest expression of Bax (a pro-apoptotic marker) as well as the highest expression of Mcl-1 (an anti-apoptotic marker). b SIRT1 immunohistochemistry of liver specimens demonstrating the highest expression of SIRT1 in the 1% pO2 secretome group on day 2 after injection. c Cleaved caspase-3 immunohistochemistry of liver specimens demonstrating the lowest expression of cleaved caspase-3 in the 1% pO2 secretome group on day 2 after injection. d Bcl-xL immunohistochemistry of liver specimens demonstrating the highest expression of Bcl-xL in the 1% pO2 secretome group on day 2 after injection. Data represent mean ± SD. *p < 0.05 compared to control. Bax bcl-2-like protein 4, Bcl-xL B-cell lymphoma—extra large, c-Cas3 cleaved caspase-3, Mcl-1 myeloid cell leukemia-1, PH partial hepatectomy, SIRT1 sirtuin 1, S21% secretome of culture 21% pO2, S10% secretome of culture 10% pO2, S5% secretome of culture 5% pO2, S1% secretome of culture 1% pO2