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Fig. 5 | Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Fig. 5

From: Direct conversion of human fibroblasts to functional excitatory cortical neurons integrating into human neural networks

Fig. 5

Human BMF-derived iCtx cells are mature neurons and have functional GABA and glutamate receptors. a Voltage traces illustrating the generation of APs (black trace). APs are blocked by tetrodotoxin (TTX) (red trace) or TTX and tetraethylammonium (TEA) (blue trace). * The expanded AP. B,c (top panels) Current traces of the fast inward current peak (Na current, b) and the sustained outward current (K current, c) activated by step depolarizations in the absence (black) and presence of TTX (red, b) or TTX and TEA (blue, c). * Fast inward (b) or sustained outward (c) current. (Bottom panels) Current/voltage (I/V) plot of the fast inward (b) and the sustained outward (c) current in the absence (black) and presence of TTX (red, b) or TTX and TEA (blue, c). TTX blocks the fast inward current (n = 6, b) and TEA inhibits the sustained outward current (n = 4, c). d,f (left panels) Pictures of the patched cell and the position of the puff pipette. Scale bar = 50 μm. (Middle panels) Current trace from the cell shown to the left. Puff application of glutamate (d) or GABA (f) induces an excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC) (d) or inhibitory postsynaptic current (IPSC) (f) under control conditions (left traces). Bath application of D-APV and NBQX blocks the glutamate-induced EPSC (d) and picrotoxin (Ptx) blocks the GABA-induced IPSC (f) (right traces). (Right panels) Bar chart summarizing data across experiments (n = 6, one sample t test, p = 0.0002 (d) and p = 0.0002 (f)). Presence of D-APV and NBQX (d) or Ptx (f) inhibits EPSC or IPSC amplitude, respectively

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