Fig. 7
Hypothetical steps of gastric mucosal defect repair using fresh AM allograft. a Surgical induction of gastric mucosal defect. b Application of AM first layer with the epithelial side up and suturing using a simple continuous suture pattern. c Application of AM second layer with the epithelial side down and suturing using a simple continuous suture pattern. d Beginning of digestion of the second AM layer. e Healing of submucosa was started in addition to continuing of the second AM layer digestion. f Complete digestion of the second AM layer and continuing of submucosal healing. g Beginning of mucosal cell proliferation and migration from the periphery of the amniotic basement membrane. h Complete migration of mucosal cells and continuing of submucosal healing. i Well-developed mucosal layer covering the amniotic basement membrane and continuing of submucosal healing. j Complete healing of the gastric mucosal defect. k Normal reconstitution of gastric mucosal layers