Table 4 Experimental studies testing the efficacy of MSC-derived EVs RVD-CKD
Type of model | Species | Intervention | Administration method | Main findings | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
In vivo model of coexisting metabolic syndrome and RVD | Pig | Autologous adipose tissue MSC-derived EVs | Intrarenal | • EVs decreased renal inflammation • Improved medullary oxygenation and fibrosis, and restored renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate • Renoprotective effects were partly mediated by IL-10 | Eirin et al. 2017 [55] |