Fig. 1
From: Stem cells and anti-aging genes: double-edged sword—do the same job of life extension
Factors affecting the core of life. Different circles represent the different categories of factor responsible for affecting aging and longevity. Outside circle consists of environmental, lifestyle, gravity, chemicals, drugs, geographical regions, and diet-related factors. Second circle is representative of genetic and vital genes such as Klotho, and I am not dead (Indy). The third core shows rejuvenating stem cells are very close for renovation of damaged cells for the core of life. All circles eventually accumulate the burden of damages, mutations, diseases, and degeneration on the central core of life (aging). ACE angiotensin-converting enzyme, PAPP-A pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A, TGFβ transforming growth factor beta and Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1)