Fig. 4

Fluorescent microscopic analysis of the effect of EFS on liver cell viability in injury conditions. Live–dead staining using FDA and PI 24 and 48 h post treatment with 8 mM acetaminophen (APAP) (a and e, respectively), 8 mM APAP in presence of unfractionated MSC secretome (b and f, respectively), 8 mM APAP in presence of fractionated MSC secretome (c and g, respectively) and without any treatment (d and h, respectively). Live–dead staining using FDA and PI 24 and 48 h post treatment with 60 μM hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) (i and m, respectively), 60 μM H₂O₂ in presence of unfractionated MSC secretome (j and n, respectively), 60 μM H₂O₂ in presence of fractionated MSC secretome (k and o, respectively) and without any treatment (l and p, respectively). Scale bar for all microscopic images: 100 μm. MSC mesenchymal stromal cell, CM conditioned medium, EFS exosome-rich fractionated secretome