Fig. 6
CS-C accelerated type I immune reaction regression. a Immunofluorescence staining of CD11c+ M1 macrophages in the control, BMSC sheets induced without curcumin (CS-N), and BMSC sheets induced by curcumin (CS-C) groups at 14, 21, and 28 days after treatment. Red and blue represent CD11c+ M1 macrophages and nuclei, respectively (20×, 50 μm) (n = 4 mice/group). b Immunofluorescence staining of interferon (IFN)γ at 14, 21, and 28 days. Green and blue represent T helper 1 (TH1) cells and nuclei, respectively (bar = 100 μm) (n = 4 mice/group). Quantification of c the number of M1 macrophages and d TH1 cells, respectively. Expression levels of Tnfα and iNOS (signature genes of M1 macrophages) and Ifnγ and Tbx21 (signature genes of TH1 cells) by RT-PCR at 14 (e), 21 (f), and 28 days (g) after transplantation with saline, CS-N, and CS-C (n = 5 mice/group). M1 (h) and TH1 (i) signature gene expression during the whole experimental period for the control, CS-N, and CS-C groups. ANOVA: *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. ns not significant