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Fig. 1 | Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Fig. 1

From: Mesenchymal stem cells in the osteosarcoma microenvironment: their biological properties, influence on tumor growth, and therapeutic implications

Fig. 1

Different effects exerted by the TME on naïve MSCs (N-MSC). Under the effects of some cytokines (SDF-1, MIF, TGF-β, and so on), N-MSCs are recruited to the TME. Through the paracrine network in the TME, N-MSCs undergo a series of functional transformations. On one hand, INF-γ, TNF-α, and IL-1α strengthen the tumor growth-promoting effects of MSCs; On the other hand, INF-γ, TNF-α, and TGF-β enhance the ability of MSCs to promote tumor metastasis. Furthermore, MSCs can differentiate into cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) under the stimulation of TGF-β

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Stem Cell Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1757-6512