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Fig. 3 | Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Fig. 3

From: Fatty acid oxidation promotes reprogramming by enhancing oxidative phosphorylation and inhibiting protein kinase C

Fig. 3

Fatty acid oxidation enhances reprogramming efficiency. a Relative levels of GFP-positive colonies with or without etomoxir (ETO; 40 μM) after reprogramming in the presence of palmitoylcarnitine (PC; 25 μM). b HPLC total ion chromatogram of short-chain acyl-CoA of fatty acid oxidation. c Positive ion electrospray scan mass spectra of acetyl-CoA (810). d Acetyl-CoA (C2-CoA) concentration before and after palmitoylcarnitine treatment. e Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) chromatograms of long-chain acyl-CoA of fatty acid oxidation. f Lauroyl-CoA (C12-CoA) concentration before and after palmitoylcarnitine treatment. g Myristoyl-CoA (C14-CoA) concentration before and after palmitoylcarnitine treatment. h Relative levels of AP-positive colonies with or without acetylcarnitine (AC; 25 μM) after reprogramming. i Relative levels of AP-positive colonies with or without AC (AC; 25 μM) and perhexiline maleate salt (PMS; 2 μg/ml) after reprogramming. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 3). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.005 (Student’s t test)

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