Fig. 4

Characterization of small-molecule-induced hepatocyte-like cells. a qRT-PCR of hepatocyte markers at the endpoint of the small-molecule protocols with or without FH1 and FPH1. Undifferentiated human iPSCs and freshly isolated human primary hepatocytes (hPH) were used as controls. b Representative immunofluorescence photos of the expression of hepatocyte markers at the endpoint of the small-molecule-induced hepatocytes (SM-iHep) and growth factor-induced hepatocytes (GF-iHep). c Representative phase contrast photos (×200) of small-molecule-induced hepatocytes (SM-iHep) and growth factor-induced hepatocytes (GF-iHep) at day 13. Scale bars = 100 μm (d) Percentage of ALB⁺A1AT⁺ in immunofluorescence of hepatocyte-like cells generated using small-molecule cocktails or growth factors. (^*p value < 0.05, ^**p value < 0.01)