Fig. 3

Radial shockwave influences cell cycle and apoptosis of MSC. Promotion effect reflected by cell cycle assays. Gray zones represent percentage of cells in the S phase. Higher percentage of shockwave-treated MSCs in the S phase compared to the control. On the basis of percentage of cells in the S phase and apoptosis, 2 bars is the optimal stimulation dose. Cell cycles detected by flow cytometry, and different pressures of shockwave-treated MSCs compared with control groups in at least four independent experiments. Representative data from a single experiment shown