Radial shockwave treatment promotes human mesenchymal stem cell self-renewal and enhances cartilage healing

Table 2 Modified International Cartilage Repair Society scoring system for cartilage repair

Stain	Histologic parameter^a	Score^b
Safranin O/Fast Green	Surface/superficial architecture	Cartilage defect
	Surface/superficial architecture	Adjacent
	Inflammatory cell infiltrate	Cartilage defect
	Inflammatory cell infiltrate	Adjacent
	Repair–host integration	Cartilage defect
	Basal neocartilage–bone integration	Cartilage defect
	Surface/superficial assessment	Cartilage defect
	Surface/superficial assessment	Adjacent
	Mid/deep zone assessment	Cartilage defect
	Mid/deep zone assessment	Adjacent
	Overall assessment	Cartilage defect
	Overall assessment	Adjacent
	Matrix staining (metachromasia)	Cartilage defect
	Matrix staining (metachromasia)	Adjacent
	Calcification/ossification	Cartilage defect
	Calcification/ossification	Adjacent
	Subchondral bone vascularization	Bone subchondral
	Subchondral bone vascularization	Surrounding
	Presence of bone void (with or without fibrovascular tissue and without secretory lining), yes/no	Bone subchondral
Immunohistochemistry	C2: type II collagen	Cartilage defect
Immunohistochemistry	C2: type II collagen	Adjacent

^aDefect is defined as the area of the original cartilage defect adjacent to the surface of the cartilage with 2 mm surrounding the defect and surrounding the sides and bottom of the defect
^bScores assigned on a 0–100 scale, 100 being normal

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