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Fig. 5 | Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Fig. 5

From: DNA topoisomerase IIβ stimulates neurite outgrowth in neural differentiated human mesenchymal stem cells through regulation of Rho-GTPases (RhoA/Rock2 pathway) and Nurr1 expression

Fig. 5

RT-qPCR results of relative Topo IIβ, Nurr1, Rho GTPase (RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42), and Rock2 expressions at days (d)1, 3, and 5 for each group. Nurr1 showed nearly the same pattern as topo IIβ, since the expression increased due to neural differentiation and topo IIβ transfection. Cdc42 also exhibited a similar expression pattern to topo IIβ and Nurr1, being upregulated due to neural induction and topo IIβ overexpression. RhoA and the downstream effector kinase Rock2 expressions were inversely correlated with topo IIβ, Nurr1, and Cdc42 expressions. Neural induction and topo IIβ overexpression increased Nurr1 and Cdc42 expression, whereas decreased RhoA and Rock2. Rac1 expression was independent. Error bars represent the means ± standard deviation; n = 3 samples in triplicate; *p < 0.01, **p < 0.001

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