Fig. 4

Multiplex assay employed to measure levels of several cytokines in coculture supernatants. When cocultured with engineered NK92 clones, MSC-derived immunosuppressive cytokine (IL-4 and IL-10) levels were higher, compared to parental NK92 cells (a, b). Major proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IFN-γ were significantly diminished at 72 h versus 24 h in supernatants of cocultured cells but not in stimulated parental NK92 cells (c, d), exhibiting a time-course suppression of activation when cocultured with MSCs. (+) indicates stimulated, (-) indicates unstimulated cells. Indicated cytokine levels in pg/ml. Mean values of biological replicates shown, error bars show standard deviation of n = 3. ANOVA used to analyze statistical significance among groups. *p < 0.05. IL interleukin, IFN interferon, MSC mesenchymal stem cell, TNF tumor necrosis factor