Fig. 1

haMSC differentiation. a–-d Morphological aspects of the cells. (a) Control haMSCs (grown in classical MSC culture medium) after 3 days of culture. (b), (c), (d) haMSCs undergoing respectively osteogenic (day 29), adipogenic (day 15) and neurogenic (day 5) differentiation. e, f Osteogenic differentiation characterized by Alizarin Red staining (e) and alkaline phosphatase activity (f). g, h Adipogenic differentiation characterized by labeling with FABP4 antibody (g) and bodipy staining (h). i, j Neurogenic differentiation characterized by cresyl violet staining (i) and labeling with MAP2 antibody and Hoechst (j). In (e, g–j), right photograph displays background staining of undifferentiated control haMSCs cultured in classical growth medium. Calibration bars correspond to 100 μm. ****p < 0.0001, ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05. pNP p-nitrophenol, MSC mesenchymal stem cell