Table 1 Differential potential of stem cells
From: The march of pluripotent stem cells in cardiovascular regenerative medicine
Differential potential | Number of stem types | Original stem cell | Differentiated cells |
|---|---|---|---|
Totipotential | All | Fertilized egg (zygote) | All cell types |
Pluripotential | All except cells of the embryonic membranes | Cultured embryonic stem cells (ESCs) | Cells from all three germ layers |
Multipotential | Many | Adult stem cells (bone marrow, cord blood, peripheral blood, heart, lung) | Blood cells, cardiomyocytes, neural cells, hepatocytes, endothelial cells, myocytes |
Oligopotential | Few (2–4 cells) | Myeloid precursor, mesenchymal stem cell, glial-restricted precursor | Myeloid cells, stromal cells, osteocytes, chondrocytes, adipocytes |
Unipotential | 1 | Mast cell precursor | Mast cell |
Nullipotentail | None | Terminally differentiated cell (e.g., red blood cell) | No cell division |