Fig. 2

Epi-MSCs suppress the activation of T cells from healthy individuals cultured under Th0 conditions. We cocultured PBMCs from three healthy volunteers with untreated, A2V5-treated, A2V10-treated, D100T100-treated, or D100T500-treated human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Then, we cultured the cells under Th0-polarizing conditions for 48 h. a The proliferation of effector T cells measured using a [³H]-thymidine incorporation assay. PBMCs were stained with anti-CD4-PE-Cy7, anti-CD25-APC, anti-IFN-γ-FITC, anti-IL-17-PE, and anti-Foxp3-FITC. CD4⁺ T cells were gated for further analysis. b The percentage of CD4⁺ T cells producing IL-17, IFN-γ, and CD25^highFoxp3⁺ was measured using flow cytometry. Then we measured the percentages of c IL-17⁺CD4⁺ T cells, d IFN-γ⁺CD4⁺ T cells, and e CD25^highFoxp3⁺CD4⁺ T cells by flow cytometry (n = 3). The bars represent the mean ± SD. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. A 5-azacitidine, D 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine, T trichostatin A, V valproic acid