Fig. 1

The phenotype and characteristics of PCOS patient-derived and non-PCOS patient-derived iPSCs. a Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) disease modeling using induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology. After reprogramming, total RNA from PCOS patient-derived iPSCs was extracted for RNA microarray and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Then, the mitochondrial functions of PCOS patient-derived iPSCs were measured using a respiration ability analyzer. b The phase images of fibroblasts (HF) (scale bars = 100 μm) and iPSCs at day 2 (scale bars = 250 μm) and day 6 (scale bars =100 μm) after passage from PCOS patient-derived (PCOS1) and non-PCOS patient-derived iPSCs (non-P1). The cell border and surface area of iPSCs are different. c iPSC colonies stained positive for OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG expression. Nuclei were stained with Hoechst 33,342 (blue). Fibroblasts (HF) were stained as negative control. Scale bars = 25 μm. d Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and immunofluorescence staining of SSEA-1. Fibroblasts (HF) were stained as negative control. Scale bars = 100 μm. e Total and endogenous (Endo) expression levels of OCT4, SOX2, and C-MYC by RT-PCR analysis in PCOS and non-PCOS patient-derived iPSCs, and HF. GAPDH was the positive control. f G-banding of PCOS and non-PCOS patient derived-iPSCs at passage 10 showed a normal karyotype. g H&E staining of teratoma sections of PCOS and non-PCOS patient-derived iPSCs. Neural epithelium and melanocyte epithelium (ectoderm), cartilage (mesoderm), and gut epithelium (endoderm) are shown. Scale bars = 100 μm