Fig. 2

Effects of hAT-MSCs on inflammatory cytokine and ER stress levels. a, b The mRNA expression levels of inflammatory cytokines in the pancreatic tissue at the 48 h time point. c mRNA and (d) protein expression levels of Grp78, CHOP, and caspase-12 in the pancreatic tissue 48 h after the administration of hAT-MSCs. Results are presented as the mean ± SD obtained from three independent experiments. ^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.01. CHOP CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein, Grp7 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein, IL interleukin, MSC mesenchymal stem cells, PBS phosphate-buffered saline, SAP severe acute pancreatitis, TNF-α tumour necrosis factor alpha