Fig. 4

Mitochondrial parameters related to bioenergetics of tissue-specific mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). (a) Mitochondrial DNA copy number (n = 6) and mitochondrial respiration parameters (b) basal respiration, (c) ATP production, (d) maximal respiratory capacity, and (e) spare respiratory capacity were measured by using a Seahorse Bioanalyzer. Data are expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean (n = 3). *P <0.05, **P <0.01, ***P <0.001 determined by unpaired Student’s t test. Abbreviations: AD-MSC adipose-mesenchymal stem cell, BM-MSC bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cell, DP-MSC dental pulp-mesenchymal stem cell, ns non-significant, OCR oxygen consumption rate, WJ-MSC Wharton’s jelly-mesenchymal stem cell