Fig. 1
From: Efficacy of intraoperatively prepared cell-based constructs for bone regeneration
The preparation of intraoperative and conventional approach-based bone constructs. a Cell type and number used for different construct preparation. b Schematic structure of the experimental design. PM, proliferation medium; OM, osteogenic medium; EPCs, endothelial progenitor cells; ECs, endothelial cells; MCs, mast cells; HPSCs, hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. c Timeline toward to the intraoperative preparation of cell-based bone constructs. The intraoperative bone constructs can be made within 4 h. Monocytes were added to the defect sites when bone constructs were put into femoral defects (yellow dashed circle)