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Table 1 Mechanisms for miRNA sorting

From: Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles affect disease outcomes via transfer of microRNAs

References

Regulating factor

Mechanisms

miRNA examples

Villarroya-Beltri et al. 2013 [20]

GGAG motif

Nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2B1 binds GGAG in miRNAs.

miR-198 and miR-601

Santangelo et al. 2016 [21]

GGCU motif

Synaptotagmin-binding cytoplasmic RNA-interacting protein (SYNCRIP) recognizes GGCU motif in miRNAs.

miR-3470a and miR-194-2-3p

Koppers-Lalic et al. 2014 [22]

3′-End uridylation

3′-End posttranscriptional modification with uridylation demarcates EV miRNAs.

miR-486-5p

Gibbings et al. 2009 [23] and McKenzie et al. 2016 [24]

Ago 2

1. Ago2 binds with miRNAs to form the RISC.

2. RISC associates with MVB to control miRNA sorting.

let-7a, miR-100, and miR-320a

Iavello et al. 2016 [25]

Alix

Alix binds to Ago2 and miRNAs.

miR-24, miR-31, and miR-125b

Lu et al. 2017 [26]

MEX3C

MEX3C binds with AP-2 and promotes miR-451a sorting.

miR-451a

  1. miRNAs microRNAs, EV extracellular vesicle, Ago2 argonaute 2, RISC RNA-induced silencing complex, MVB multivesicular bodies, AP-2 adaptor-related protein complex 2