Table 4 Overview of the main MSC genetic modification (GM) strategies and their most commonly used constituents, as utilized in experimental cancer cytotherapy studies (N = 67)
From: Mesenchymal stem cells in preclinical cancer cytotherapy: a systematic review
GM strategy | Typical GM components | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Antitumor agent(s) | Adoption rate (%) | Gene introduction vector * | Cellular vehicle * | Tumor target * | |
Antitumorigenic transgene overexpression | Anti-proliferative immune regulators (e.g., IFN-β) | 41 | AV | BM-MSC | Various |
Pro-apoptotic molecule (e.g., sTRAIL) | 20.5 | LV | Various | Various | |
Gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (GDEPT) | Cytosine deaminase (CD) + 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) | 18.6 | RV | AT-MSC | Various |
Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) + ganciclovir (GSV) | 8.5 | RV | AT-MSC | Brain | |