Fig. 4

Transplantation of BM-MSCs induced activation of M2 macrophages and inhibition of M1 macrophages. a–f Immunofluorescence analysis of M1 and M2 macrophages (a, d normal control; b, e fibrosis; c, f fibrosis+MSC). g The M2/M1 ratio was determined in six randomly selected high-power fields. h M2 macrophage-related IL-10 mRNA expression. i The IL-10/IL-12b ratio. j The relative mRNA expression of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the liver. (BM-MSCs were from P5–7, means ± SE; ^#p < 0.01 vs. the normal control group, **p < 0.01 vs. the fibrosis group)