Fig. 3

Characteristics of the CM-pTa scaffold and cell adhesion in vitro. a The appearance of BMSCs/pTa-chondrocytes/CM biphasic scaffold, b the interface between pTa and CM, c the component of CM, and d pTa analyzed by energy spectrum. e Morphology of chondrocytes cultured on CM, f CM control, g BMSCs cultured on pTa, and h pTa control was observed by SEM. For panels e, f, g, and h, big image was magnified × 300, bar = 50μm; small image was magnified × 1000, bar = 10μm