Fig. 6From: Potent immunomodulation and angiogenic effects of mesenchymal stem cells versus cardiomyocytes derived from pluripotent stem cells for treatment of heart failureCell survival after hESC-CM or hiPSC-MSC transplantation. a Troponin-T and CD105 staining for cell survival of peri-infarct regions 8 weeks after transplantation in the three groups (red color). b. The cell survival of hiPSC-MSCs was significantly higher than that of hESC-CMs (n = 6 in each group, *P < 0.05 vs. hESC-CMs using the Student t test). c Macrophage marker CD68 immunostaining for macrophage expression of peri-infarct regions 8 weeks after transplantation in the three groups (red color, bar = 20 μm). d hiPSC-MSCs reduced the number of macrophages compared with hESC-CMs (n = 6 in each group, *P < 0.05 vs. hESC-CMs using one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc test). e Anti-FOXP3 antibody immunostaining for regulatory T cell expression of peri-infarct regions 8 weeks after transplantation in the three groups (red color, bar = 20 μm). f hiPSC-MSCs also increased the number of regulatory T cells compared with hESC-CMs (n = 6 in each group, *P < 0.05 vs. hESC-CMs using one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc test). The total cell nucleus in all groups was stained with DAPI (blue color)Back to article page