Fig. 1
The confirmation of senescence induction and proliferation of cells in co-culture. a The staining for SA-β-Gal (green) in non-IR Chos (left) and SnChos (right) 10 days after IR exposure. The ratio of SA-β-Gal-positive cells was calculated (right, n = 3). b The expression level of p16Ink4a and p21Cip1 in cartilage from non-IR rat joints and post-IR rat joints (n = 3). c, d The EdU staining (green) in proliferating BMSCs (c) and SnChos (d) in co-culture at 7 and 21 days. Nucleus were stained by Hoechst 33342 (blue). Bars = 100 μm. The ratio of EdU-positive cells was calculated (right, n = 3). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01