Fig. 2

hAMSC-SBE4-TRAIL display tropism toward GBM and limited toxicity in animal models. a Mice brain sections were immunostained to test the tropism of hAMSC-SBE4-TRAIL (SBE4-TRAIL, GFP) for GBM (Td-tomato) or astrocyte (Td-tomato) in vivo. b, c hAMSC-SBE4-TRAIL displayed the higher number and longer distance toward GBM tumor bulk when compared with astrocyte group. Scale bar, 200 μm. d Bioluminescence for the hAMSC-SBE4-TRAIL bearing mice was checked on weeks 2, 4, 6, and 8. e Bioluminescence radiance was maintained between week 2 and week 4 for hAMSC-SBE4-TRAIL, whereas an obviously decrease in week 6 and week 8. f–h Representative images showed the apoptotic effects on the normal brain tissue. There were no positive stains for TRAIL, cleaved caspase-8 and cleaved caspase-3 in the normal brain tissue of animal models. Scale bar, 100 μm. i, j Body weight and survival percentage assay displayed no significant different between hAMSC-SBE4-TRAIL bearing mice and the mice in control group (n = 8 per group). Error bars represent SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001; NS not significant