Fig. 3

Proangiogenic effect of exosomes derived from hADSCs. a The vessel-like structure formation assay was used to assess the tube formation ability of HUVECs cultured on Matrigel Basement Membrane Matrix in exosome-conditional media (0, 2.5, 5, or 10 μg/mL) for 24 h, 5% FBS was used as a positive control. b The total length of the network structures was measured using the ImageJ analysis system. The total length per field was calculated in five random fields and expressed as a ratio to the respective control. c An EdU experiment was used to assess the proliferation ability of HUVECs cultured in exosome-conditioned media (10 μg/mL) for 24 h. Cells that were not treated with exosomes served as the control. Bar = 50 μm. d The statistical analysis of the number of EDU-positive cells. e Images of scratch assays recorded at 0 h and 24 h of culture of the HUVECs in exosome-conditioned media (10 μg/mL). f Wound closure determined using software