Fig. 6

Functional assessment of neurological behavior after TBI. mNSS tests, 7, 14, and 28 days after TBI surgery exhibited that the scores significantly increased immediately after TBI (P < 0.01 versus sham). However, compared with the TBI group, 7 and 14 days after the injury, the mNSS scores of rats that received the treatment of BMSCs or MDL28170 alone were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and the scores in co-grafted rats are even lower (P < 0.01). On 28 days after injury, combination therapy of BMSCs and MDL28170 achieved a significant reduction of mNSS scores compared to single-treatment group. Data are analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by Turkey post-tests at each time point, n = 6 per group. mNSS, modified neurological severity score; BMSCs, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells; TBI, traumatic brain injury