Fig. 2

Paracrine factor levels in Nestin⁺ and Nestin⁻ BMSCs and the effect on CEC migration analyzed using transwell migration assay. a qRT-PCR analysis of growth factors (TGF-β, SCF-1, Angpt-1, FGF-2, FGF-7, LIF, CTGF, VEGF, HGF, PDGF, and IGF-1) and chemokines (MCP-1, CXCL12, CSF-1, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2) in cultured Nestin⁺ and Nestin⁻ BMSCs relative to GAPDH. Data are shown as the mean ± SEM of triplicate wells in three different experiments. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. b, c Representative images and the number of migrated CECs plotted in different groups. Cells were counted from five different fields for each experiment. The means ± SEMs of the results of triplicate experiments are shown. Scale bar, 100 μm. ***: changed significantly than control group, p < 0.001. ##: changed significantly than Nestin⁺ BMSC group, p < 0.01; ###, p < 0.001