Heart
|
Bone marrow
|
1 × 106
|
Injection into the peri-infarcted areas
|
Mouse
|
1% O2
|
Transplantation immediately after MI
|
↑
|
Alleviate the apoptotic rate of cardiomyocytes; preserve heart function; eliminate fibrosis
|
[21]
|
Bone marrow
|
Exosomes derived from 5 × 106 cells
|
Injection into the anterior and lateral part of the visibly injured region
|
Rat
|
N/A
|
Transplantation prior to reperfusion
|
↑
|
Decrease the apoptosis rate of MSCs; reduce the myocardial infarct size
|
[91]
|
N/A
|
2 × 105
|
Injection into the peri-infarcted areas
|
Mouse
|
N/A
|
Transplantation at 30 min after MI
|
↓
|
Reduce infarct size; improve cardiac function
|
[92]
|
N/A
|
5 μg MSC-derived exosomes
|
Injection into the peri-infarcted areas
|
Mouse
|
N/A
|
Transplantation at 30 min after MI
|
↓
|
Reduce infarct size; improve cardiac function
|
[92]
|
Bone marrow
|
1 × 106
|
Intramyocardial injection
|
Rat
|
Overexpression of Let-7b in MSCs
|
Transplantation immediately after MI
|
↓
|
Improve left ventricular function and microvessel density
|
[93]
|
Brain
|
Bone marrow
|
5 × 106
|
Retro-orbital injection
|
Rat
|
N/A
|
Transplantation after 1 h and 24 h reperfusion
|
↓
|
Promote neurite growth and regeneration
|
[104]
|
Bone marrow
|
2 × 106
|
Intravenous injection
|
Rat
|
N/A
|
Transplantation at 30 min after TBI
|
↓
|
Promote histological and functional recovery in the brain
|
[105]
|
Adipose
|
100 μg/kg/day of MSC-derived exosomes
|
Injection into the lateral cerebral ventricle
|
Rat
|
Overexpression of PEDF
|
Transplantation at 3 days prior to MCAO surgery
|
↑
|
Inhibit neuronal apoptosis; ameliorate cerebral I/R injury
|
[108]
|
Bone marrow
|
1 × 106
|
Injection into the striatum of the ipsilateral hemisphere
|
Rat
|
Overexpression of HIF-1α
|
Transplantation at 4 h after MCAO
|
↑
|
Reduce brain infarct volume; improve neurobehavioral outcome
|
[103]
|
Bone marrow
|
5 × 106
|
Injection into the superficial dorsal veins
|
Rat
|
Overexpression of HO-1
|
Immediate transplantation following the surgery
|
↑
|
Exert protective effects on liver grafts following reduced-size liver transplantation
|
[116]
|
|
Bone marrow
|
1 × 106
|
Portal vein
|
Rat
|
Overexpression of heat shock protein (HSP)
|
Transplantation at 60 min after reperfusion
|
↑
|
Decrease the levels of serum aminotransferases and Suzuki scores; improve cell survival and histopathology
|
[117]
|
Retina
|
Bone marrow
|
5 × 104
|
Intravitreal transplantation
|
Rat
|
N/A
|
Transplantation at 24 h postischemia
|
↑
|
Eliminate ischemic damage in the retina
|
[120]
|
|
Bone marrow
|
4 × 106
|
Injection into the ischemic muscle along the femoral artery
|
Rat
|
5% O2
|
Transplantation immediately after surgery
|
↑
|
Upregulate the pro-angiogenic effects and therapeutic effects of engrafted MSCs in the lower limb of ischemic diabetic rats
|
[76]
|
|
Adipose
|
1.0 × 107
|
Injection into the left adductor muscle
|
Mouse
|
Apelin
|
Transplantation immediately after surgery and lasting for consecutive 14 days
|
↑
|
Enhance the survival of MSCs in ischemic hindlimbs; restore hindlimb blood perfusion; repair limb functions in peripheral arterial disease
|
[122]
|